Characteristics of a 21st-Century Teacher

Attributes of a 21st-Century Teacher What does a 21st-century instructor resemble to you? You may have heard this well known trendy expression tossed around your school or on the news, yet do you know what a cutting edge instructor truly resembles? Past the conspicuous of being state-of-the-art on the most recent in innovation, they can have the qualities of a facilitator, a donor, or even an integrator. Here are six progressively key attributes of a 21st-century teacher. Theyre Adaptive They can adjust to whatever comes there way. Being an educator in todays world implies that you need to adjust to the ever-changing devices and changes that are being executed in the schools. Smartboards are supplanting writing slates and tablets are supplanting reading material and a 21st-century educator should approve of that. Long lasting Learners These teachers dont simply anticipate that their understudies should be a deep rooted student, yet they are also. They keep awake to-date with current instructive patterns and innovation and ability to change their old exercise plans from years before to make them progressively current. Are Tech Savvy Innovation is changing at a quick pace and that implies that a 21st-century educator is directly curious to see what happens. The most recent innovation, regardless of whether its for exercises or evaluating, will permit the instructor and understudy to have the option to learn better and quicker. A compelling instructor realizes that finding out about the most recent device can genuinely change their understudies training, so they are current on the new patterns, however realize how to ace them. Ability to Collaborate A powerful 21st-century instructor must have the option to team up and function admirably inside a group. Over the previous decade, this significant expertise has developed quickly in schools. Learning is considered to be increasingly powerful when you can impart your thoughts and information to other people. Sharing your skill and experience, and conveying and gaining from others is a significant piece of the learning and instructing process. Are Forward Thinking A powerful 21st-century teacher contemplates their understudies future and knows about the vocation openings that may emerge from them. They are continually intending to guarantee that no youngster gets left behind so they center around getting ready todays kids for whats to come later on. Are Advocates for the Profession They are a supporter for their understudies as well as their calling. Todays educators are being viewed with a nearby eye as a result of the entirety of the adjustments in educational program and the Common Core. Rather than sitting back, a 21st-century educator stands firm for their themselves and their calling. They give close consideration what exactly is going on in training and they address these issues head-on. They likewise advocate for their understudies. Todays study halls are loaded up with youngsters who need somebody to pay special mind to them, offer them guidance, support, and a listening ear. Viable educators share their insight and mastery and go about as a good example for their understudies. 21st-century encouraging methods instructing as you have consistently educated yet with todays apparatuses and innovation. It implies using everything that is significant in todays world with the goal that understudies will have the option to live and thrive in todays economy, just as being able to direct understudies and to set them up for what's to come.

Interview consumers Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Meeting buyers - Assignment Example The 8 megapixel camera found in Galaxy S2 has blaze and self-adjust however no channel (Marcus 2011). The iPhone 4S has bigger capacity alternatives than the Galaxy S2. It offers stockpiling limits of 16GB, 32 GB and 64GB. Then again, Galaxy S2 has a capacity limit of 16GB and can be extended up to 48 GB. The iPhone 4S is additionally littler with measurements of 115.2ãâ€"58.6ãâ€"9.3mm. The Galaxy S2 has measurements of 129ãâ€"66ãâ€"8.9mm (Smith 2011). Not at all like Galaxy S2, iPhone 4S backings the voice-to-instant messages. The client can send a voice message to apple by means of an amplifier to Apple and get an answer inside a brief timeframe. Also, iPhone 4S has an individual partner that helps in sending content and messages, planning gatherings, giving climate refreshes, setting updates, noting complex questions, calling, and processing different transformations. The individual right hand in Galaxy S2 has restricted abilities, for example, music and propelling applications, sending messages, assembling and planning conferences (Marcus 2011). Customer B: Galaxy S2 is my PDA of decision. This device has a bigger screen of 4.3 inches which has a Super AMOLED Plus presentation. This showcase is better than the Retina show of iPhone 4S which is littler at 3.5 inches (Smith 2011). Cosmic system S2 has a RAM of 1GB while iPhone 4S has 512mb. The Galaxy S2 additionally downloads information at a quicker speed than the iPhone 4S. Cosmic system S2 downloads information at a speed of 21mbps while iPhone 4S downloads at 14.4mbps. The Galaxy S2 front camera is more itemized than that of ipohone 4s with 2 megapixels. The iPhone 4S has a VGA camera. Universe S2 is additionally lighter with a load of 117 grams while iPhone 4S weighs 149 grams (Marcus 2011). In contrast to the iPhone 4S, Galaxy S2 has ability to transmit installment data remotely, hence making installments by Visas simple and effective. System S2 can be utilized to make remote installments in buying merchandise, entering

Save Money This Summer by Saving Energy

Save Money This Summer by Saving Energy Save Money This Summer by Saving Energy Save Money This Summer by Saving EnergyAll those handy dandy appliances in your home may help keep you cool, but theyre also draining your bank account dry.Sure, summertime means no more sweaters or heavy coats, but it does mean a rise in energy prices. Whether your home uses a window air conditioner, central air, or too many fans to count, you’re most likely hitting some energy high marks of the year. Those handy appliances might keep you and your family from feeling the heat, but you can’t say the same for your wallet.Aside from the more obvious advice like not running your air conditioners more than you need to or turning the lights off when you leave a room, there are some other ways you can alleviate your energy use while saving some money this summer.Rinkesh Kukreja, founder and editor of Conserve Energy Future, offered some great advice for anyone looking to reduce their energy footprint. Here are four of his major points to consider:1. “Insulate your home for keeping co ol air in and hot air out.”For the summer, this advice means it’s time to fully utilize your curtains, blinds or other window shades. Keep them shut or partially closed to keep the hot sun out. This will help keep the cool air inside the home and help maintain that more comfortable temperature.It’s also important to make sure your home is airtight. This is important year-round to keep the home at the optimal temperature for the season.Energuide has a variety of simple suggestions for keeping the cool air cool as well as circulating fresh air whenever possible:Fit protective films to your windows. They will filter the UV rays and reduce the effect of the sun in living rooms but still let the light in.Have your roof insulated, especially if you have bedrooms under the eaves.Properly insulated walls will protect you against the heat as well as against the cold.Keep your windows closed when it’s hot.Do not do any cooking in the oven and stick to cold dishes.Letting cool air in a t night and create draughts to ensure that the cool air circulates around the house.Use a ceiling fan to stir up the hot air that has gathered overhead; this will eliminate some of the humidity created due to condensation and sweat.Use standing fans, without remaining directly in the draught, so that you don’t catch a cold!If you are drying washing, place a fan behind the dryer. Your clothes will be ready more quickly and you will benefit from the coolness of the humidity given off.2. “Install a programmable or smart thermostat.”Unlike older thermostats, newer models are better equipped to best serve your family’s temperature needs. The thermostat can change temperatures depending on conditions such as whether anyone is home and the cooler nighttime temperatures. Plus some smart thermostats can even track your energy use for you!Family Handy Man recommends smart thermostats for significant energy savings over the course of a year. “A smart thermostat is accurate and inform ative,” according to Family Handy Man. “Using the manual and the energy saving tips that smart thermostats provide, you can create a schedule with the correct temperature zones to save you money on energy bills.The Nest Thermostat predicts you will save 10-12 percent on heating costs and 15 percent on cooling costs. Ecobee says you’ll save around 23 percent on both heating and cooling. Other smart thermostats have similar projections.”3. “Use smart power strips to cut off the power when electronic gadgets are not in use.”Certain electronics like computers and televisions are not only energy vampires (meaning that they use electricity even when not in use), but they also create undue heat even in small increments, which can be discomforting in the sweltering summer months.Energuide calls chargers “unnecessary heat sources” and suggests switching them off when not in use.“Chargers, even when they are not charging, devices on stand-by and computers all give off a fair amount of heatâ€"unplug anything that could be an unwanted heat source,” according to Energuide.Powerstrips can make switching off unused electronics even easier than unplugging them. A switch of a button puts even the trickiest of energy vampires to bed until they’re of use again.4. “Purchase energy efficient appliance[s].”According to Consumer Reports, new appliances are saving homeowners money! This isn’t much of a surprise, but it is a benefit to forking over the cash for a new washing machine or refrigerator. Not only are you being greener, but you are also being kinder to your wallet over time.Consumer Reports states that appliances account for just shy of 10 percent of household energy use with dryers and refrigerators as the top energy-using contenders from the appliance family. And, according to the Appliance Standards Awareness Project, American families have saved approximately $500 per year since the National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1987.Energy St ar-labeled appliances are partially to thank for some of the money and environment saving. Appliances that include energy efficiency marks aren’t just squeezing by either. They’re saving significant energy usage.New Energy Star washing machines use 25 percent less energy and about 70 to 75 percent less water than agitator washers did 20 years ago, according to Energy Star as cited by Consumer Reports.Energy Star appliances can save a family upwards of $100 a year in energy costs.What will you do with your savings?If youre saving money this summer, you should be putting it to good use. For folks living paycheck to paycheck, that should mean building up an emergency fund. That way, theyll be prepared for a rainy day and wont have to rely on short-term bad credit loans and no credit check loansâ€"like payday loans, cash advances, and title loansâ€"to make ends meet.Going green to save money is great, but there are so many parts of your day-to-day life where you could be squeezing o ut some extra savings as well! To learn more about saving money on everyday expenses, check out these other posts and articles from OppLoans:The Broke Persons Guide to Home CookingSave a Few Bucks on Fido with These DIY Pet ToysReusable Purchases That Will Save You Money in the Long RunHow to Use the Library to Save MoneyDo you have a   personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |  InstagramContributorsRinkesh Kukreja is the founder editor of the blog Conserve Energy Future which receives more than 2 million page views every month. He has written several articles on his blog and is often looking for new and innovative ways to reduce energy consumption.

Save Money This Summer by Saving Energy

Save Money This Summer by Saving Energy Save Money This Summer by Saving Energy Save Money This Summer by Saving EnergyAll those handy dandy appliances in your home may help keep you cool, but theyre also draining your bank account dry.Sure, summertime means no more sweaters or heavy coats, but it does mean a rise in energy prices. Whether your home uses a window air conditioner, central air, or too many fans to count, you’re most likely hitting some energy high marks of the year. Those handy appliances might keep you and your family from feeling the heat, but you can’t say the same for your wallet.Aside from the more obvious advice like not running your air conditioners more than you need to or turning the lights off when you leave a room, there are some other ways you can alleviate your energy use while saving some money this summer.Rinkesh Kukreja, founder and editor of Conserve Energy Future, offered some great advice for anyone looking to reduce their energy footprint. Here are four of his major points to consider:1. “Insulate your home for keeping co ol air in and hot air out.”For the summer, this advice means it’s time to fully utilize your curtains, blinds or other window shades. Keep them shut or partially closed to keep the hot sun out. This will help keep the cool air inside the home and help maintain that more comfortable temperature.It’s also important to make sure your home is airtight. This is important year-round to keep the home at the optimal temperature for the season.Energuide has a variety of simple suggestions for keeping the cool air cool as well as circulating fresh air whenever possible:Fit protective films to your windows. They will filter the UV rays and reduce the effect of the sun in living rooms but still let the light in.Have your roof insulated, especially if you have bedrooms under the eaves.Properly insulated walls will protect you against the heat as well as against the cold.Keep your windows closed when it’s hot.Do not do any cooking in the oven and stick to cold dishes.Letting cool air in a t night and create draughts to ensure that the cool air circulates around the house.Use a ceiling fan to stir up the hot air that has gathered overhead; this will eliminate some of the humidity created due to condensation and sweat.Use standing fans, without remaining directly in the draught, so that you don’t catch a cold!If you are drying washing, place a fan behind the dryer. Your clothes will be ready more quickly and you will benefit from the coolness of the humidity given off.2. “Install a programmable or smart thermostat.”Unlike older thermostats, newer models are better equipped to best serve your family’s temperature needs. The thermostat can change temperatures depending on conditions such as whether anyone is home and the cooler nighttime temperatures. Plus some smart thermostats can even track your energy use for you!Family Handy Man recommends smart thermostats for significant energy savings over the course of a year. “A smart thermostat is accurate and inform ative,” according to Family Handy Man. “Using the manual and the energy saving tips that smart thermostats provide, you can create a schedule with the correct temperature zones to save you money on energy bills.The Nest Thermostat predicts you will save 10-12 percent on heating costs and 15 percent on cooling costs. Ecobee says you’ll save around 23 percent on both heating and cooling. Other smart thermostats have similar projections.”3. “Use smart power strips to cut off the power when electronic gadgets are not in use.”Certain electronics like computers and televisions are not only energy vampires (meaning that they use electricity even when not in use), but they also create undue heat even in small increments, which can be discomforting in the sweltering summer months.Energuide calls chargers “unnecessary heat sources” and suggests switching them off when not in use.“Chargers, even when they are not charging, devices on stand-by and computers all give off a fair amount of heatâ€"unplug anything that could be an unwanted heat source,” according to Energuide.Powerstrips can make switching off unused electronics even easier than unplugging them. A switch of a button puts even the trickiest of energy vampires to bed until they’re of use again.4. “Purchase energy efficient appliance[s].”According to Consumer Reports, new appliances are saving homeowners money! This isn’t much of a surprise, but it is a benefit to forking over the cash for a new washing machine or refrigerator. Not only are you being greener, but you are also being kinder to your wallet over time.Consumer Reports states that appliances account for just shy of 10 percent of household energy use with dryers and refrigerators as the top energy-using contenders from the appliance family. And, according to the Appliance Standards Awareness Project, American families have saved approximately $500 per year since the National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1987.Energy St ar-labeled appliances are partially to thank for some of the money and environment saving. Appliances that include energy efficiency marks aren’t just squeezing by either. They’re saving significant energy usage.New Energy Star washing machines use 25 percent less energy and about 70 to 75 percent less water than agitator washers did 20 years ago, according to Energy Star as cited by Consumer Reports.Energy Star appliances can save a family upwards of $100 a year in energy costs.What will you do with your savings?If youre saving money this summer, you should be putting it to good use. For folks living paycheck to paycheck, that should mean building up an emergency fund. That way, theyll be prepared for a rainy day and wont have to rely on short-term bad credit loans and no credit check loansâ€"like payday loans, cash advances, and title loansâ€"to make ends meet.Going green to save money is great, but there are so many parts of your day-to-day life where you could be squeezing o ut some extra savings as well! To learn more about saving money on everyday expenses, check out these other posts and articles from OppLoans:The Broke Persons Guide to Home CookingSave a Few Bucks on Fido with These DIY Pet ToysReusable Purchases That Will Save You Money in the Long RunHow to Use the Library to Save MoneyDo you have a   personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |  InstagramContributorsRinkesh Kukreja is the founder editor of the blog Conserve Energy Future which receives more than 2 million page views every month. He has written several articles on his blog and is often looking for new and innovative ways to reduce energy consumption.

Harriet Jacob s Slave Narrative Essay - 1271 Words

In the 19th century, The Cult of Domesticity governed women’s actions. The ideology claimed that women were naturally designed for tasks within the home and advised a conservative agenda for female social behavior. The restrictive image of true womanhood was enforced by men in the lives of all women – free or enslaved, black or white. Embodying piety, purity, domesticity and submissiveness was the only socially acceptable way for women to exist in society. This is why Harriet Jacobs made many of choices she did when recounting her life story in Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl. Like Olaudah Equiano, Fredrick Douglass, and many others, Jacobs’ narrative was criticized by literary critics of past and present. Yet Harriet Jacob’s slave narrative was challenged more than slave narratives written by others because she does not adhere to the idea of true womanhood. Though criticism and controversy surrounded Equiano and Douglass’s narratives, Jacobsà ¢â‚¬â„¢ narrative was the target of particular misunderstanding by scholars. Incidents is unlike other slave narratives – the main character knew who her parents were, there were no obstacles to her literacy, and she successfully escaped slavery on her first attempt. The escape story, which involves Jacobs living in a small attic for seven years and having misleading letters sent to her master, is outrageous in itself. Additionally, the most glaring aspect of Incidents is the fact that none of the characters existed by the names thatShow MoreRelatedThe Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave And Harriet Jacobs s Incidents994 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the eighteenth century, many fugitive slaves wrote narratives to express their experience as a slave. Fredrick Douglass’s Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass, an American Slave and Harriet Jacobs’s Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl are two famous examples in which the writer s demonstrate their perspective as slaves and dangerous, agonizing life. Nevertheless, there are also many dissimilarities between these narratives, including gender based treatments, main character’s firstRead MoreA Rose For A Slave Girl By Harriet Jacobs952 Words   |  4 PagesLife of a Slave Girl, tells the story of a slave girl named Linda Brent who fought many mental and physical battles throughout her life in order to oppose the system of slavery. This autobiography was written by Harriet Jacobs, known in the book as Linda Brent, and uses a multitude of psuedonyms in order to conceal the identity of those within the book. Harriet Jacobs had succeeded in putting forth a new, unconventional slave narrative that depicted the emotional and mental anguish slave women wereRead More Incidents In The Life Of A Slave Girl Essay1671 Words   |  7 PagesHarriet Jacobs wanted to tell her story, but knew she lacked the skills to write the story herself. She had learned to read while young and enslaved, but, at the time of her escape to the North in 1842, she was not a proficient writer. She worked at it, though, in part by writing letters that were published by the New York Tribune, and with the help of her friend, Amy Post. Her writing skills improved, and by 1858, she had finished the manuscript of her book, Incidents in the Life of a Slave GirlRead MoreA Comparison Of Writings By Harriet Jacobs And Frederick Douglass1718 Words   |  7 PagesA Comparison of Writings by Harriet Jacobs and Frederick Douglass In this paper I will compare the writings of Harriet Jacobs and Frederick Douglass. I will touch on their genre, purpose, content, and style. Both authors were born into slavery. Both escaped to freedom and fought to bring an end to slavery, each in their own way. Both Jacobs and Douglass have a different purpose for their writings. Harriet Jacobs and Frederick Douglass were both slaves that wrote about their strugglesRead MoreJacobs Douglass: An Insight Into The Experience of The American Slave1019 Words   |  5 PagesThe slave narratives of the ante-bellum time period have come across numerous types of themes. Much of the work concentrates on the underlining ideas beneath the stories. In the narratives, fugitives and ex-slaves appealed to the humanity they shared with their readers during these times, men being lynched and marked all over and women being the subject of grueling rapes. The slave narrative of Frederick Douglas and Harriet Jacobs: Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl themes come from the existenceRead MoreHarriet Jacobs s Death Is Better Than Slavery966 Words   |  4 Pagesinfluential woman of the 19th century, Harriet Jacobs once said, â€Å"Death is better than slavery.†Jacobs describes how cruel it was growing up as a woman in slavery during the antebellum period until they stopped searching for her and she was finally considered herself free. Through the twists and turns of Harriets life to understand how strong of a woman she truly was. Herein will be described the societal, cultural, and moral tasks Jacobs had to endure. Harriet was able to break through the barriersRead MoreHarriet Jacob : An African American Slave And Feminist1071 Words   |  5 PagesHarriet Jacob: An African American Slave and Feminist â€Å"Reader, be assured this narrative is no fiction† (Author). Harriet Jacobs’ Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, is her narrative as a slave who lived in a slave state for twenty-seven years before escaping to live as a free woman in New York (Jacobs preface). Jacobs’ was motivated to write her story by a deep desire to share her experience in an effort to bring to light what slavery really was, a â€Å"deep, and dark, and foul experience thatRead MoreThe Life of A Slave Girl by Harriet A. Jacobs Essay1272 Words   |  6 PagesA slave narrative is to tell a slaves story and what they have been through. Six thousand former slaves from North America told about their lives during the 18th and 19th centuries. About 150 narratives were published as separate books or articles most slaves were born in the last years of the slave regime or during the Civil War. Some Slaves told about their experiences on plantations, in cities, and on small farms. Slave narratives are one of the only ways that people today know about the wayRea d MoreThe Narrative Of Frederick Douglass1132 Words   |  5 PagesThe narrative begins with Douglass being oblivious to the identity of his father. This theme of Frederick Douglass being young and naà ¯ve is continued throughout the beginning. The idea of slaves being young and naà ¯ve is seen in almost all slave narratives. One of the ways slave owners kept slaves captive is through keeping the slaves ignorant. It is nearly impossible for a slave to escape slavery if they cannot read and write. Slave owners knew how impossible this was so they kept them ignorant,Read MoreThe Life Of A Slave Girl By Harriet Jacobs928 Words   |  4 PagesIn her poignant autobiography, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Harriet Jacobs offers the audience to experience slavery through a feminist perspective. Unlike neo-slave narratives, Jacobs uses the pseudonym ‘Linda Brent’ to narrate her first-person account in order to keep her identity clandestine. Located in the Southern pa rt of America, her incidents commence from her sheltered life as a child to her subordination to her mistress upon her mother’s death, and her continuing struggle to live

The First Synthesis Essay Examination Of Worldview

In the first synthesis essay, examination of worldview was identified as one of the most important concepts necessary to understand and interpret medical anthropology. Worldview is the reason that there are many different types of medical systems. As explained in lecture, these include diagnosis, healing, and some form of payment to the healer. The study of these different medical systems falls under the term ethnomedicine. Singer describes ethnomedicine as the idea that all medical systems develop from â€Å"particular sociocultural systems regardless of the scale of the society.† For example our US healthcare system, based on western worldview, is a hierarchy of administrators who tell the doctors what they can and cannot do. Our devotion to the US healthcare system stems from our need to label the symptom or disease such as nasal drip and a cough can be labeled as a common cold. The worldview seen here is the need for immediate cures to avoid interrupting our busy lives. On the other hand, in â€Å"Touching the Timeless† with Billy Yellow from the Navajo tribe, there are many steps to prepare for his healing ritual such as the sweat hogan, where purification rituals are performed, in this case, before a strong spiritual ritual can be done. Thus understanding the worldview that comes with the development of medical systems is vital to understanding why the practices are being used and being able to compare these medical systems cross culturally. The base of most medical systems isShow MoreRelatedIntegration of Narrative Therapy Hristian Counselling3207 Words   |  13 PagesLength: 2,515 words The purpose of this essay is to discuss the positive and negative use of integration within Counselling. Much has been said about the integration of therapies and Christian values. The practice of secular psychotherapies has brought much conflict; many Christian counsellors have taken a different stance regarding the integration of psychology and religion. Some have embraced integration wholeheartedly whilst others reject it just as vigorously and many others fall somewhere betweenRead More Teaching Origins in 20th Century American Public Schools Essay6390 Words   |  26 Pagesacademia , and public schools over the course of the 20th century and continue fighting, or attempting to make peace over, this culture war today. The debate has changed between the time of the Scopes Trial and the present in several important ways. First, creationists have developed many more diverse arguments, and employ not only biblical and moralistic arguments, but scientific evidence, logical arguments , and political rhetoric to counter evolutionary theory. Second, debate was revived by evolutionistRead MoreHerbert Spencer Essay13142 Words   |  53 Pagesemployee of the London and Birmingham Railway. His interest in evolution is said to have arisen from the examination of fossils that came from the rail-road cuts. Spencer left the railroad to take up a literary career and to follow up some of his scientific interests. He began by contributing to The Non-Conformist, writing a series of letters called The Proper Sphere of Government. This was his first major work and contained his basic concepts of individualism and laissez-faire, which were to be laterRead MoreStatement of Purpose23848 Words   |  96 Pagesmeasures—test scores and grades—were most important Ohio Wesleyan University Writing Center  © 2011 Page 1 and used the statement of purpose for borderline decisions. However, of liberal arts faculty who responded, approximately half valued the essays as much as other parts of the application package. ï‚ · Determine the importance of the mentor system. The importance of the statement of purpose increases, as Robert M. Brown notes, at institutions with strong mentoring programs ―because it is the onlyRead MoreMastering Graduate Studies 1e32499 Words   |  130 Pages. . . . . . . . . . . . . The name of each chapter’s author appears in the chapter header bars. Clicking on author names will take you to the Biographies page. Glossary terms on the Glossary pages will take you back to the page on which the term first appears. Chapter 1: Academic and Career Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Read MoreNew World Order in Conspiracy Theory13987 Words   |  56 Pagesa  state atheistic  and  bureaucratic collectivist  world government,  demonized  as a Red Menace, therefore became the main focus of  apocalyptic  millenarian  conspiracism.[13] In the 1960s,  right-wing populist  individuals and groups with a  producerist  worldview, such as members of the  John Birch Society, disseminated a great deal of conspiracy theories claiming that the governments of both the United States and the  Soviet Union  were controlled by a  cabal  of  corporate internationalists, greedy bankers andRead MoreMethods of Qualitative of Data Collection19658 Words   |  79 Pagesintroductory discussion of qualitative methodological assumptions. As the grounding for a selection of methods, we extend that discussion here, using Brantlinger’s (1997) useful summary of seven categories of crucial assumptions for qualitative inquiry. The first concerns the researcher’s views of the nature of the research: Is the inquiry technical and neutral, intending to conform to traditional research within her discipline, or is it controversial and critical, with an 97 04-Marshall-4864.qxd 98 2/1/2006Read MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagestextbook offers a well-integrated synthesis of approaches to organization theory. It will be welcomed by organization theory scholars and reflective practitioners and is a valuable companion for scholars and students of organization theory. Henk W. Volberda, Chair of the Department of Strategic Management Business Environment and Vice-Dean of the RSM Erasmus University, Netherlands At last, a text that brings organization theory into the 21st century! This is the first organization theory textbook toRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesSkills? 360 Questions for Review 360 Experiential Exercise An Absence of Nonverbal Communication 361 Ethical Dilemma Pitfalls of E-Mail 361 Case Incident 1 Using Social Media to Your Advantage 362 Case Incident 2 Should Companies That Fire Shoot First? 362 12 Leadership 367 What Is Leadership? 368 Trait Theories 369 Behavioral Theories 370 Summary of Trait Theories and Behavioral Theories 372 Contingency Theories 372 The Fiedler Model 373 †¢ Other Contingency Theories 375 Leader–Member Exchange

Globalization And Its Impact On Society - 942 Words

Globalization has, from the late twentieth century, led nations and their borders to be called into questions. Populations, often driven by their youths, now have instant access to information on everything that happened around the world. Meanwhile, and because of this globalization, states have been forced to open up to the world and to free their borders to facilitate exchanges. Therefore, people began to feel less constrained by their nationality and became what is often referred to as citizens of the world, free to move and settle, at least theoretically, wherever they wish. This leads to wonder whether this dematerialization of nations has done away with nationalist and patriotic sentiments for these citizens of the world, or if it leads them to return on their own core identities. In fact, it seems that the two phenomena are simultaneously present within these globalized societies. Globalization has led many nations to open their borders and host populations from all over the world. Evidently, these nations are the ones that have developed through this primarily economic globalization, primarily in what is considered to be the Western world, but also in Asia and the Middle East. These nations opened their borders to people coming mainly from the â€Å"Eastern world,† including those from South Asia, who had not yet experienced the development caused by globalization, and who sought new opportunities. These new populations, with new citizenships, are based on the principleShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Globalization On The Society1114 Words   |  5 Pages The Impact of Globalization 3 Introduction The effects of globalization are visible everywhere. The mixing of cultures and races throughout our society is everywhere. It’s on television, in our homes and woven into our workplace. This is not necessarily a new construct; it’s just more noticeable today than in the past. The Roman Empire opened all trade in Europe, Africa andRead MoreGlobalization And Its Impact On Society Essay925 Words   |  4 PagesGlobalization is the process by which different societies, culture, and how regional economies integrate through a worldwide network of political beliefs through communication, marketing, and transportation. Predominately, globalization has made a worldwide impact on many nations in numerous ways such as; politically, economically, as well as socially. Globalization has shaped the independence of various nations, thus leading to worldly affairs based on a global level. Leading to trends in cultureRead MoreGlobalization And Its Impact On Society1369 Words   |  6 Pages Globalization is a broad term used in multiple social studies classes. There are three types of globalization: cultural, economical and political. As both positive and negative views exist on globalization; using just the word globalization isn’t specific enough to understand these viewpoints. Knowing the different types of globalization will allow a person to form their own opinion whether or not each individual type of globalization has a positive or negative impact on society. Cultural globalizationRead MoreGlobalization And Its Impact On Society1637 Words   |  7 Pages1. Introduction Globalization as ‘the acutely adamant affiliation of economies, societies and cultures into a borderless accepted communications [technology] and accumulation arrangement [is] a world-transforming process, not all which is pleasant,’ (Morrison, 2010, p. 32). Although globalization is, and will apparently abide for some time, one of ‘a lot of ambiguous and misunderstood’ concepts, there is some accepted arena to be beginning an allotment of all the confusion (White, 2008). 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Financial Accounting Science of Classifying

Question: Discuss about the Financial Accounting for Science of Classifying. Answer: Introduction: The accountancy is considered as science of classifying, recording and summarizing of data so that the relationship between the money, transaction and event is appropriately represented (Mdudde.net 2016). This will enable the user to calculate the financial results at the end of the accounting period. The accountancy is a process that helps the user in obtaining financial information relating to income and expenses, possible losses, actual losses, capital employed, liabilities etc (Arxiv.org 2016). The primary objective of accounting is to maintain records, provide timely information to management for decision-making, providing information to the external users so that it can aid them in making decision (Womlib.ru 2016). Accounting deals with the financial information so the accounting practice is based on reasoning. Therefore, accounting theories are established to explain with logic the reasoning behind a particular practice (Kabir 2016). Accounting theory is a scientific way of explaining and solving the real world accounting problems. Accounting theory can be defined as the broad principles that helps in evaluation of the accounting practices and provides the way forward for developing the new standard (newagepublishers.com 2016). The accounting theory helps the accounting professional and users understand reason behind various accounting practices. The learning of this theories helps the professional to perform their work in a more skillful and flawless way (Assignmenthelpsite.com 2016). In recent times, the accounting has become very complex therefore accounting theories will help the professionals to solve the real world problems. It can be said that accounting theories helps to understand the accounting process in a more professional way (Ventureline.com 2016). The accountants are guided by the accounting theories to represent the financial data in a professional way (Scribd 2016). The accounting theories have been developed using three common approach this are descriptive approach, usefulness approach and welfare approach. The decision usefulness approach is further classified into normative and empirical (Quora.com 2016). The accounting theories that are developed using descriptive approach relate to conduct of the accountants. The decision usefulness approach helped in developing two main theories normative theories and empirical theories (Swinburne.edu.au 2016). The important accounting theories that have been developed are proprietary theory, Entity theory, fund theory, residual equity theory and enterprise theory (Programsandcourses.anu.edu.au 2016). In this essay there are three accounting theories that are evaluated this are entity theory, fund theory and residual equity theory. It is important that before the accounting theories are discussed the assumptions based on which the accounting theories operates are discussed earlier. There are four assumption based on which the accounting theories operates they are entity assumptions, going concern assumptions, periodicity assumptions and assumption of monetary units. In developing accounting theories it is assumed that the business is a separate entity. That means the activity of the business is separate from owners of the business. The accounting theories developed are based on this assumption of separateness. The second assumption for accounting theories is going concern. It is assumed that the business will continue for infinite period of rimes so the accounting theories developed are based on these assumptions. However if the business is performing poorly then this assumption can be revised so that the financial statement prepared gives true reflection of financial statement. The monetary unit assumptions re quire that all the financial transactions reflected in accounts should be based on some monetary value. The last assumption of periodicity states that the business activity should be broken into different periods so that they can be measures. This assumptions forms the basis of developing accounting theories. The three accounting theories are discussed and evaluated below. The entity theory states that the business is a separate entity distinct from the owners or shareholders. It can be said that not the proprietor but the business unit is the centre of financial and accounting interest (Martin 2016). This theory states that the business is liable to both the owners and the creditors. The accounting equation stated in the theory is that asset is equal to liability (Investopedia 2016). This equation can also be put in a different way that is asset is equal to liability and equity of shareholders. The assets provided in the equation are the rights that are accruing to the entity and equity and liabilities are the source of those assets (Classificationofaccountingtheory06.wordpress.com 2016). The creditors and shareholders both have rights over the assets though they have different approach towards liquidation, risk, control and income. The income earned by a business is the property of the business unless it is distributed as dividends (Newagepublishers. com 2016). It is the responsibility of the business unit to fulfill the claims of the shareholders and creditors. The entity theory therefore has become more income centered so it is said to have become income statement oriented (Noble et al. 2016). The entity is accountable to the equity holders and it is accomplished by measuring the performance related to operation and other financial information. The income represents increase in equity after the demands of creditors are fulfilled (Classification of accounting theory 2016). In the similar way, the profits that are not distributed are the property of the business and it increases equity by increasing the reserves (Mdudde.net 2016). The strict compliance to entity theory requires that income tax and interest on debt be considered as distribution of profit and not as an expenses. In the corporate form of business enterprise, the entity theory is mostly applicable (Arxiv.org 2016). The corporate business considers business separate and distinct from the owners. The entity theory has greatly influenced various accounting techniques and its effect can be seen in various terminologies used in the accounting practice (Womlib.ru 2016). The entity theory favors that that last in first out (LIFO) method of valuation of inventories rather than the First in first out method (FIFO) (Kabir 2016). It is because according to this theory adoption of LIFO over FIFO helps in determining income appropriately. As the adoption of FIFO method helps in better valuation of inventories in the balance sheet so it can be considered as a better technique for determining the value of inventory under proprietary method (newagepublishers.com 2016). The common definition of revenue is that it is the product of enterprise. This definition of revenue is in accordance with the entity theory concept (Ventureline.com 2016). The expenses is commonly defined as services and goods that are consumed in obtaining the revenue. This definition is also obtained through the application of entity theory (Quora.com 2016). In preparing the consolidated balance sheet, the minority interest is recognized in addition to equity holders (Swinburne.edu.au 2016). This treatment of minority interest is in accordance with the entity theory. The entity theory puts emphasis on determining the income that is allocated to shareholders whereas proprietary theory evaluates the valuation of assets (Programsandcourses.anu.edu.au 2016). The fund theory puts emphasis not on the entity but group of assets and related obligations (Martin 2016). It also emphasis on the restrictions that are imposed on the use of assets called fund (Investopedia 2016). The fund theory takes the business unit as economic resources and the obligations and in addition to this related obligations and restriction is put in the use of this resources (Newagepublishers.com 2016). The accounting equation of fund theory is an asset is equal to restriction of assets. The accounting unit is stated in terms of assets and the use in which the assets are used (Zaharah 2016). The legal obligations and economic restrictions on the use of assets are represented as liability. The fund theory is centered towards assets and it focuses on administration and appropriate use of assets (Mdudde.net 2016). The primary objective of financial reporting is not the balance sheet or the financial statement but the statement showing the source and use of fund is the mos t important (Arxiv.org 2016). In this statement, operation of the fund is measured in relation to disposition and sources of funds. The nonprofit organization and government primarily uses the fund theory (Womlib.ru 2016). The public institutions have several operations therefore, it uses several funds for conducting its operation (Kabir 2016). In order to compare financial statement information the use and application of fund is very useful. The concept that is between the proprietary theory and entity theory is residual equity theory (newagepublishers.com 2016). The equation in this theory is that specific equities are deducted from assets and it comes to residual equity (Ventureline.com 2016). The equities of preferred shareholders and the claim of creditors are known as specific equity (Quora.com 2016). In case of large losses and bankruptcy proceeding the common shareholders may disappear so the preferred shareholders and bondholders will become the residual equity holders (Swinburne.edu.au 2016). The main objective of residual equity approach is to provide better information to the shareholders so that they can make better investment decision (Martin 2016). If it is assumed that, the company is a going concern and will continue for infinite period then in such case the current value of equity shares is dependent on the expected divided to be received in future (Investopedia 2016). The expected future dividend is dep endent on total receipt. From the receipt specific contractual obligations, payment made to equity holders and requirements of reinvestment is deducted (Newagepublishers.com 2016). In investment value, the trends can be measured by noticing the trend of residual equity measure based on current values. The statement of income and the statement of retained earring are required to mention the income that is available to residual equity holders after adjustments of all prior claims (Noble et al. 2016). This claim includes dividend paid to preference shareholders. In balance sheet, the equity shares should be separately represented from the preference shares (Classification of accounting theory 2016). The statement of fund should represented funds available to the business for making payment for common dividend and other purposes (Zaharah 2016). There are certain significant difference between residual equity theory and proprietary theory. In residual equity approach, the preference shar e capital is not included in the shareholders fund. In this methods the dividend that are payable to preference share holders are deducted before the dividend per share of equity shareholders are calculated. It should be remembered that both this theories are based on the same assumption that the economy in which the entity operates is free and both are concerned about the treatment of their assets and liability. In this section of the research paper, the usefulness of accounting theory is critically evaluated (Mdudde.net 2016). The accounting theory provides the foundation for practice and it can be said that theories are developed so that a proper meaning is given to the practice (Arxiv.org 2016). The accounting theories helps in narrowing the problem area range by identifying the facts of the studies. It is helpful in selecting the aspects of the phenomenon (Womlib.ru 2016). The accounting theory also provides a conceptual framework for studying the accounting problems. This provides a standard by which the accounting practice can be evaluated (Kabir 2016). The knowledge that is already available about the subject is organized in a body of knowledge known as accounting theory. The accounting theories are mainly the summaries of the current accounting policies (newagepublishers.com 2016). The accounting theory helps in attaining uniformity in practice. The goal of the accounting theory is t o provide uniformity in practice (Ventureline.com 2016). The generally accepted accounting principles are the current accounting theories that are used for practice. The aim of uniformity is to increase credibility about the information provided by the accounting system (Scribd 2016). The accounting theories have an advantage of predictive ability (Quora.com 2016). The future facts can be predicted by theoretical generalization (Swinburne.edu.au 2016). It is because of this predictive ability of the accounting theory it has given rise to various empirical research that can be used for decision making (Classification of accounting theory 2016). The accounting theories are helpful in development of new practice. The accountancy operates in a dynamic environment therefore with the change in social environment therefore there is a need for replacing the existing practice (newagepublishers.com 2016). The above discussions have shown that accounting theories is a complicated process. The theories of accounting are held together by conceptual framework for accounting. The accounting theories fit the conceptual framework and it helps to determine the financial principle and rules. It can be said that accounting theory is a definitive accounting principle. These accounting theories are framed after analyzing the practices of accounting. It can be said from above discussion that the accounting theories are based on logic and reasoning therefore, it can be considered as scientific. The accounting theories cannot help in understanding the financial position of the business or the profit and loss account during the particular period. It can also be said that an accounting theory cannot be considered as means of conveying information to the external users. The accounting theories act as a guide so that complicated problems arising from in day to day operation of the business can be solved . Reference Mdudde.net, 2016. [online] Available at:https://www.mdudde.net/books/Mcom/Mcom-f/Accounting%20Theory-final.pdf[Accessed 12 Dec. 2016]. Arxiv.org, 2016. [online] Available at:https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1411/1411.4633.pdf[Accessed 12 Dec. 2016]. Womlib.ru, 2016. [online] Available at:https://womlib.ru/book/Accounting_Theory_And_Conceptual_Frameworks.pdf[Accessed 12 Dec. 2016]. Kabir, M., 2016.Normative Accounting Theories. newagepublishers.com, 2016. [online] Available at:https://www.newagepublishers.com/samplechapter/001009.pdf[Accessed 12 Dec. 2016]. Assignmenthelpsite.com, 2016. [online] Available at:https://www.assignmenthelpsite.com/upload/2014/11/Accounting-Theories.pdf[Accessed 12 Dec. 2016]. Ventureline.com., 2016.ACCOUNTING THEORY DEFINITION. [online] Available at:https://www.ventureline.com/accounting-glossary/A/accounting-theory-definition/[Accessed 12 Dec. 2016]. Scribd., 2016.Accounting theories and practices. [online] Available at:https://www.scribd.com/doc/19010247/Accounting-theories-and-practices[Accessed 12 Dec. 2016]. Quora.com., 2016.What are the theories of accounting? - Quora. [online] Available at:https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-theories-of-accounting[Accessed 12 Dec. 2016]. Swinburne.edu.au., 2016.Financial Accounting Theory | Units of study | Swinburne University of Technology | Melbourne, Australia. [online] Available at:https://www.swinburne.edu.au/study/courses/units/Financial-Accounting-Theory-ACC80005/international[Accessed 12 Dec. 2016]. Programsandcourses.anu.edu.au.,2016.Accounting Theory - ANU. [online] Available at:https://programsandcourses.anu.edu.au/course/BUSN3001[Accessed 12 Dec. 2016]. Martin, J., 2016.Accounting Theories of Organizations. [online] Maaw.info. Available at:https://maaw.info/ArticleSummaries/ArtSumCovaleskiAiken86.htm[Accessed 12 Dec. 2016]. Investopedia., 2016.Accounting Theory. [online] Available at:https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/accounting-theory.asp[Accessed 12 Dec. 2016]. Classificationofaccountingtheory06.wordpress.com.,2016.Classification Of Accounting Theory | quotManaging Dyadic Interactions In Organizationa. [online] Available at:https://classificationofaccountingtheory06.wordpress.com/tag/classification-of-accounting-theory/[Accessed 12 Dec. 2016]. Newagepublishers.com, 2016. [online] Available at:https://www.newagepublishers.com/samplechapter/001343.pdf[Accessed 12 Dec. 2016]. Noble, A., Noble, A. and profile, V., 2016.Classification Methods in Accounting. [online] Blog.accweb.com.au. Available at:https://blog.accweb.com.au/2015/03/classification-methods-in-accounting.html[Accessed 12 Dec. 2016]. Classification of accounting theory, 2016. [online] Available at:https://classificationof accounting theory [Accessed 12 Dec. 2016]. Zaharah, S., 2016.Accounting Theory Approach. [online] Academia.edu. Available at:https://www.academia.edu/6256679/Accounting_Theory_Approach[Accessed 12 Dec. 2016].

Life In The (Jewish) Ghetto Essays - The Holocaust,

Life In The (Jewish) Ghetto Life in the Ghetto It is widely known what went on between the Jews and the Germans during World War II. Millions upon millions of Jews were killed because of Hitler's hatred, Hitler's tyranny, and Hitler's fury. While many people today still cringe at the thought of life in concentration camps, many are not aware of the harsh reality that existed in the Jewish ghettos. The word ghetto is not only the scariest place in America but also a word used to refer to a Jewish community. These ghettos or communities were the holding areas of many, many Jews who were forced to perform slave labor for the Germans during the war instead of going to concentration camps. In Germany, during the early stages of the war, more and more occupations were closed to Jews, and the free professions were totally banned to them. However, during the drafting of a general law designed to totally displace the Jews from their positions in the economy, it became evident to the Germans that the problem could not be solved without simultaneously clearing the way for increased emigration. If the Germans dispossessed them, they would no longer be a burden on the German economy. In June of 1938, a man named Martin Bormann, acting on behalf of the fuhrer's deputy, Rudolf Hess, sent German party activists a secret directive about the removal of Jews from the economy. In a Nazi meeting h eld on October 14, 1938, a man named Herman Goring, who was second in power only to Chancellor Adolf Hitler, declared that Aryanization (making the world one Aryan race) was the state's, and only the state's concern, adding that he was not prepared to allocate foreign currency to dispose of the Jews. He also added the remark that if the need arises we will have to establish ghettos in the big cities, and so it seems the stage was set as this was the first time mention was made of the plan to set up Jewish work brigades. Originally, the ghettos were not supposed to be permanent institutions, but used as temporary concentration camps until it was possible to find the ultimate solution to the problem of disposing of al the Jews. The first known instance of establishment of a ghetto was in December of 1939 in a town called Leczyca in Poland when the Germans attempted to segregate the Jewish population from the Poles. A prominent example of the way in which large communities were depopulated was the fate of Kalisz, one of the oldest Jewish communities in Poland with a population of twenty thousand at the outbreak of the war. Both Germans and Poles joined in the brutal attacks against the Jews. The Jews had no chance. Many Jews fled, some seven thousand reaching Warsaw. The healthy men remaining in Kalisz were sent to work in the camp, while the ailing were slaughtered in a nearby forest. By October of 1940, only a few hundred Jews were left in the city. The first ghetto to be established in a systematic fashion was the Lodz ghetto. Governor of the Kalisz-Lodz District, Friedrich Ubelhor, had planned the idea for a ghetto in Lodz since December 10, 1939. Ubelhor proposed two things. The first was to close off most of the Jewish population in the northern part of the city, where most of the Jews lived, and to transfer the Jews from other parts of the Lodz area to this area. The second was to select those fit to labor and concentrate them in another ghetto, actually a labor camp, where they would be organized into labor battalions. The first step in setting up Ubelhor's labor camp was to first fix the borders of the ghetto and work out the problems of transport through the streets .The Germans and Poles also had to find new homes to be resettled in. Other factors that played a part were sealing and guarding the ghetto, provisions for medical care, sewage, refuse removal, burials, and fuel necessary for heating. The basis for establishi ng the ghetto in Lodz focused primarily on three spheres: (1) the deportation of as many Jews as possible, with preference given to the

The eNotes Blog Happy Bloomsday! How Will YouCelebrate

Happy Bloomsday! How Will YouCelebrate Love it or hate it, Bloomsday is the annual day of celebration for James Joyces polarizing novel  Ulysses. It takes place on June 16th each year, to mark the first day of the protagonist Leopold Blooms journey across Dublin. To mark the occasion some Joyce fans follow the tradition of reading the novel in Edwardian garb- though Marilyn Monroe did it back in 1955 in decidedly modern attire her bathing suit. image via Open Culture Nowadays, though, celebrations can consist of two weeks of lectures, film screenings and readings surrounding the novel that the majority of  people (at least all the sane ones) find impossible to read. And while to these readers, including  yours truly, suffering through lectures on Ulysses is a punishment  only slightly worse than actually reading a chapter of  Ulysses (and very marginally better  than  suffering the fate of  Prince Oberyn vs The Mountain), in Vanity Fairs opinion, Bloomsday has become a travesty for another reason: The celebration that came closest to the spirit of the novel might have been the very first one, in Dublin in 1954, when four of the city’s literary notables attempted to trace the novel’s steps around the city, only to crap out halfway through, too drunk to go on Nowadays it would be nice to think that swelling readership of  Ulysses  drives the Bloomsday boom, but it’s more likely that Bloomsday provides an opportunity for cultural validation that’s about as substantial as sharing an author quote on Instagram. Reading  Ulysses  is a slow, immersive, and ultimately private experience; Bloomsday is a social-media-ready event, where like-minded people convene to celebrate their own taste. Which reminds me which Instagram filter should I use for my Ulysses selfie? Just kidding. Like Id own that thing. Check out #bloomsday on the Twitterverse  here  for lots of cool news about the impact  Ulysses has had around the world, including how one Iraqi poet translated the 1922 text into Arabic (you can watch that video here). Want to know what the fuss is all about? Check out study guide, Homework Help, quizzes and trivia for  Ulysses here. How will you celebrate Bloomsday? Share it with us @ on Twitter and @com on Instagram. (Feature Image via Yeats 2015)

Hunting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Hunting - Essay Example Nature lovers and wild life activists continuously try to spread awareness that hunting an animal is not only unethical but may also interfere with the food chain. When the existence of a particular species is threatened the world faces a misbalance too. Though laws in all most all countries exist, which forbids killing of endangered species, yet a group of people ignore the severity of the problem and continue hunting. In Nagaland, a tribal place in India, villagers hunt the Great Hornbill just to pluck their feathers to make dresses or headgears. The hunting has become so severe that only a few hundred Great Hornbills exist today. Some people illegally hunt endangered species like one-horned rhinoceros or African elephants to use their horns and teeth for trade purposes. It is evident that not everyone is aware of the fact that animals have precious lives too and need to be protected. We cannot eliminate an entire species for our own selfish purposes. More National parks and Reserv es should be set up to protect wildlife and animals from external threat and forest officers should be employed to look after the animals in these areas and protect them from poachers. Laws covering animal protection must include severe punishments for the law-breakers and such people should not be pardoned at all. Since it is us who have destroyed the natural habitats of most wildlife animals, we should be responsible for their rehabilitation and protection. The national parks and bioreserves should also employ veterinarians to ensure immediate medical attention for animals in times of need. But, more importantly mass education should be conducted in every country to educate the people about the need of animal protection and unethical hunting. In some countries killing certain animals for sport is supported and there are seasons called hunting seasons which allows hunters to hunt animals like antlered bucks, antlerless bucks, minks, foxes, turkeys and small game animals like rabbit s, raccoons or squirrels. In fact, sometimes hunting is termed as â€Å"ethical hunting† which is a mockery of the word â€Å"ethics† itself; because I do not think anyone with the right ethics would ever indulge in hunting. Wildlife biologists agree that overpopulation of deer poses a problem, but they reject the idea that foxes, turkey and game animals must be included in the hunting list too. Hunting parks issue licenses and allow one license holder only a certain number of kills per year. Parks do their own duty by printing manuals that train hunters in recognizing animals and issue rules about using hunting weapons. However, even after such precautions some hunters fail to recognize animals from a distance and may kill a species that should not hunted. In other cases, hunters do not kill their game entirely and leave it badly injured or crippled. In such cases the injured animals suffers a long and utterly painful death. According to a PETA report â€Å"A member of the Maine Bow Hunters Alliance estimates that fifty percent of animals who are shot with crossbows are wounded but not killed. A study of 80- radio collared white-tailed deer, found that, out of 22 deer that had been shot with traditional archery equipment, 11 were wounded but not recovered.† Thus, a high percentage of animals are only wounded. â€Å"

Skills Evaluation (Personal and Professional Development for Business) Essay

Skills Evaluation (Personal and Professional Development for Business) - Essay Example This means the company should identify, select, and develop the right product to satisfy customer needs. With the help of marketers, a company should set the right product to make sure that it does not exploit customers and earn its profits. It is the work of marketers to give advice on distribution channels to suite the customers. Marketers are of great importance when it comes to promotional strategies as they advise on the best promotional media to communicate with customers and prospect new ones. When one is marketing a service, the delivery process to meet customer satisfaction matters since it should be the shortest and most efficient one (Bennett, 2011: 8-27). The people skills on offering the service are of high importance because the marketer ought to be professional and effective. The physical ambiance of the premise or environment is critical, since customers will evaluate the product based on the physical appearance of the environment; for example, a hotel needs to have a very clean and neat environment, as customers will associate it with healthy eating. Because of good environment, customers tend to be repetitive and bring more business. If the environment is unpleasant, customers may never come back, and worst of all, may spread bad reputation to other customers. My passion and ambitions for marketing are driving me to the desire of becoming a competitive marketing manager. My academic studies are continuously improving and equipping me with the necessary skills and techniques required for a successful marketer. I have a wide network of professional marketers who continuously applause marketing exercises. This is a source of motivation. A marketer needs several marketing skills for success. These skills help a marketer go along with people well, execute tasks with ease, and operate within strict deadlines. Employers expect from marketers, just like any

CSR and Corporate Identity

CSR and Corporate Identity Assignment Question : Outline a research question that can be investigated using qualitative methods. Describe a plan for how you will research that question. Your plan should include strategies for both data collection and data analysis. The rationale for the adoption of a particular form of data collection and analysis must be presented. 1. Introduction The purpose of this research is to investigate the gap between ideals and practices on corporate identity through corporate social responsibility (CSR) and build up practical findings to help corporations narrow the gap thus enabling them to enhance their CSR identity for both companies and employees. This study will focus on the case of large Korean corporations the so called ‘chaebol corporations (henceforth, chaebols). Chaebols are interesting cases to conduct CSR related research because chaebols use CSR for substituting their distorted corporate image and identity as ‘unethical, coming from illegal acts and unsound governance structure. In this sense, chaebols can be considered appropriate cases are currently grappling with a big gap between ideals and practices as the same pertain to their CSR identity. Exploring CSR identity and its effects on practice in chaebols will provide practical indications about the relationship between corporate identity strategy and its employees implementation and theoretical implications on chaebol related research. With multiple-case study strategy, this study will start by looking at corporate CSR identity on the organisational perspectives in case companies. Following this, the study will explore employees perception on corporate identity and CSR activities to identify and examine the factors that influence employee corporate identity and encourage employee participation in CSR activities. This is achieved using a triangulation method. This includes semi-structured interviews, focus group interviews and documentary analysis. In this paper, I will design the research plan with methodological strategy, data collection strategy and data analysis strategy including rationales respectively. 2. Research Questions Assumptions Research Questions The research questions will focus on exploring how CSR identity is conceptualised by companies and employees and how that resulting identity influences CSR practices in reality. Thus, the primary research questions are as follows: Q1. How do corporations conceptualise their CSR identity ? Q2. How does corporate identity formed at the organisational level influence the ethical identity of employees? Q3. What are the connections between the organisational level identity of CSR and employees participation in CSR activities? Assumptions Assumptions grounded in the logic of multi-faceted model of corporate identity (Soenen and Moingeon 2002) and employee performances are as bellow. This multi-faceted model of identity is not a measurement and it provides 5 categories of identity. A1. Corporate identity of CSR will affect employees participation for social activities. A2. Employees participation in CSR activities will increase when corporate identity and their strategies are aligned. A3. Professed identity will not affect employees participation in CSR activities. A4. Employees participation in CSR activities will be influenced by four types of identities when they are matched with each other. 3. Research Design (1) Research Method and Justifications This research will be conducted with a qualitative method. According to Creswell (2003), the main reason of using the qualitative method for research is because of exploratory character of study. As this study focuses on the perspectives of both the corporation itself and that of employees about CSR identity and CSR activities, qualitative methods of research and analysis are adopted. A qualitative method enables in-depth exploration of the CSR identity and, simultaneously, aid in understanding the conceptual relationships between ideals and practice about CSR identity and CSR activities. Moreover, as corporate identity which is formed by socially agreed concepts, and CSR, which has discursively constructed concepts, are both rather subjective, and changeable depending on the particular organisation, qualitative approach is more appropriate to understand how these identities can be conceptualised and formed in an organisational context. Comparing to qualitative methods, a quantitative approach rather focuses consideration on measurements and quantities of the traits established by the people or events of studies (Murray 2003). (2) Epistemological Approach While much research used quantitative method mainly takes a position of a functionalist or positivist stance, qualitative research can take almost all possible epistemological positions (Gephart 1999 ; Symon and Cassell 2004). This research overall takes an interpretive epistemological view with technically along with realistic point of view. While this research focuses on the specific cases of chaebols, the aim is not a generalization of findings. Instead, the findings might represent chaebol related issues. Taking an interpretivist view, sampling of target cases will be purposeful (Daymon and Holloway 2002) rather than being statistically and randomly representative sample. (3) Methodological Strategy and Technical Epistemological Justification Case Study Strategy Justifications This research will take the multiple-case study strategy as its methodological research strategy. There are two reasons for choosing a case study. First, as mentioned above, CSR itself is a very arguable concepts and the impact of CSR can vary depending on corporations conditions (Cho and Hong 2009) and corporate identity matters as well. As case study methodology draws insight from data gathered in research ( Stern 1998; Borgerson, Schroeder et al. 2009), to explore CSR and identity on both organisational and employees perspectives, it is a useful method to understand matters within the organisation context and obtain in-depth and empirical knowledge on them. Secondly, the case study approach is for this research as it enables the use of interview methods and company documents to collect data (Yin 2003) and also, verify the validity of the collected data. As for more replicable evidence, this research is based on multiple-case study of chaebol corporations. Ten cases are sufficient replications to obtain external validity. Compared to single-case designs, the evidence which is derived from multiple-case studies tends to be more compelling and being more powerful (Hersen and Barlow 1976 ; Yin 2003). The case sampling strategy will be explained in the data collection section. Even though the level of analysis is organisational, the unit of analysis is individual for example, managers and non-managerial employees who are directly and indirectly related to CSR identity and CSR activities in their organisations. (4) Data Collection Strategy and Technical Epistemological Justification 1) Triangulation Method The methods to gather the data will be triangulation methods: semi-structured in-depth interviews, focus group interviews and documentary analyses. The triangulation method is helpful to get an external validity in this research. Data sets obtained from each of 10 multiple-cases will be triangulated as figure 1. Semi-structured in-depth interviews A semi-structured interview will be conducted with managers and employees in the CSR department and strategy department. These informants can provide more specific and in-depth knowledge about their own experiences in face-to-face interviews. Even though other methods such as telephone or internet interviews, can also be carried out under the qualitative interview paradigm (King 2004), this research which deals with Korean managers and workers requires face-to-face interviews due to the greater importance of Korean culture in which direct contact can aid in obtaining greater details of the thoughts and experiences of interviewees. Focus Group interviews A focus group interview will be held with managers in other strategy related departments and with employees who have experience in CSR activities. The motivation for adopting this approach is that it allows participants to discuss their thinking and ideas about the CSR strategy and CSR identity with their colleagues at which point the similarities and differences on the perceptions of the participants about CSR can be investigated with greater ease. The advantage of using the focus group interview method at this stage is that it enables participants to get an idea from their colleagues so that they can reflect back on their thinking and their own experiences (King 2004). The questions which will be asked in the interviews will vary depending on the targets. In managerial level interviews, interviewees will be asked about how they conceptualise and identify CSR in terms of the 4 categories of responsibilities as classified by Carroll (Carroll 1999). In the non-managerial level interviews, interviewees will be asked about how they define their corporate identity in terms of CSR and how these identities affect their CSR participation. All of the interviews will be tape-recorded with the interviewees permission for later transcription. Documentary Analysis With regards to the validity of data collection, I will use the triangulation method with documentary analysis in addition to the focus group interview and the semi-structured interview. With respect to the documentary analysis, I will use CSR annual reports which are organised according to reporting guidelines (e.g. GRI Guideline). These reports will be accessed via companies webpage. 2) Sampling Strategy The case companies will be selected according to the ‘Most admirable companies in Korea 2009 ranking complied by the Korea Management Association (KMA). This index ranks companies, according to a consumer survey and employee survey, in terms of the companies ethical image and identity. If ranked in the top level, the company is considered to be, to some extent, ethical and philanthropic and is considered to have CSR strategies and programmes that are more systematically designed than those of other companies. After selecting the 10 top ranked companies as sample cases, interview targets will be selected by a purposive sampling strategy. This is because CSR requires professional knowledge through strategy planning and implementation at the organisational level. In this sense, managerial levels and non-managerial levels in CSR related departments will be considered the target samples for semi-structured in-depth interviews. Those located in other departments will be the target sa mple on focus group interviews. I will contact these targets by email and telephone and in some of the aforementioned cases, have already established initial connections. 3) Epistemological justifications In terms of epistemological position, this research will have realist assumptions interviewees accounts are assumed to indicate awareness about their actual experiences of CSR involvement. This realist approach will make it possible to gather more accurate accounts by comparing the findings from the interview with the documentary analysis. In qualitative research, interview methods aim â€Å"to see the research topic from the perspectives of the interviewee and understanding how and why they come to have this particular perspective† (King 2004). As this research takes the realist approach, the interview will be more structured and systematically prepared compared to, for example, interviews conducted by constructivists or phenomenologists (Pawson and Tilley 1997). 5) Data Analysis Strategy 1) Template Analysis Epistemological Justification Analysis of this research will be conducted via the templates technique. According to King (2004), template analysis as a set of techniques that can be used in realist work. It admits a positivistic position and is particularly useful for research that aims to compare different or similar perspectives of target groups within an organisational context (King 2004). In this sense, this research which relies on realistic epistemological viewpoints and is aims to examine CSR concepts and identity strategy as perceived by corporations and employees, templates analysis provides the most suitable way to produce a list of theme codes which, in turn, derive the concepts and definitions of CSR identity from the informants own words within a theoretical framework thus enabling the analysis to develop new theoretical and empirical implications. As mentioned previously, this research will focus on how corporations and employees perceive CSR concepts and identity from their experience on corporations CSR strategy and implementation, which means the words and expressions coming from their own perceptions, can be extremely varied. Therefore, creating the initial template with a few defined codes (King 2004) and starting with this initial template will be a very helpful to guide analysis as well as to collect data. Compared to other techniques such as grounded theory and repertory grids, this research starts with a theoretical framework and needs organisational level analysis. Using the template analysis, the process of conducting research will proceed as follows. First, to construct the initial template, interview guides will be prepared from a literature review and informal anecdotal evidence from the authors own experience. This interview guide will include minimum information so as to gain more ideas from the interviewees. Thus, the initial template will begin in a simplified format and consist of the 3 highest-order codes and two or three subdivided lower-order codes. It will then be subject to a processes of insertion and deletion with changes in the higher-order classifications (King 2004) after the first focused group interviews. For this, at the beginning of the first focus group interview, interviewees will be asked to express their opinions and perceptions on CSR under the three highest-order codes and several lower-order codes following the brief topic guideline. They focus group interviewees can then proceed with their discussions. After each interview, the initial template will be edited and added with some new codes if the issues are not found to be covered by the presented codes. 4. Limitations Conclusions This study has limitations in terms of generalization due to the small sample size. This is because a small number of respondents cannot be representative of the entire companys view, even though the propositions are proved by the respondents. The findings from this qualitative study may, thus, be considered preliminary. Further research, conducted using larger samples and adopting longitudinal analysis can aid to make the findings of the present research more robust. Moreover, given their unique governance system and political background in social context (Kim and Lee 2003), at present, chaebol related research tends to be conducted with an institutionalist approach. However, in this research, these factors are excluded as the focus is being kept on the organisational and individual level of the perception making process. This study will show the gap of corporate identity between ideals and practices and how employees are influenced by corporate identity in CSR practices. By using qualitative approaches with a case study strategy, this research will have practical implications for managers who work in CSR departments, viz., it will identify how to connect their strategy to employees ethical identification and participation. Reference Borgerson, J. L., J. E. Schroeder, et al. (2009). Corporate communication, ethics, and operational identity: A case study of Benetton. Business Ethics: A European Review 18(3): 209-223. Carroll, A. B. (1999). Corporate Social Responsiblity. Business Society 38(3): 268-295. Cho, S. and Y. Hong (2009). Netizens evaluations of corporate social responsibility: Contents analysis of CSR news stories and online readers comments. Public Relations Review 35: 147-149. Creswell, J. W. (2003). Research Design Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Thousand Oaks, California, Sage Publications, Inc. Daymon, C. and I. Holloway (2002). Qualitative Research Method in Public Relations and Marketing Communications. London, Routledge. Gephart, R. (1999). Paradigms and Research Methods. Research Methods Forum 4. Hersen, M. and D. H. Barlow (1976). Single-case Experimental Designs: Strategies for Studying Behavior New York, Pergamon. Kim, B. and I. Lee (2003). Agency problems and performance of Korean companies during the Asian financial crisis: Chaebol vs. non-chaebol firms. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal 11(327-348). King, N., Ed. (2004). Using Interviews in Qualitative Research. Essential Guide to Qualitative Methods in Organizational Research. London, SAGE Publications Ltd. King, N., Ed. (2004). Using Templates in the Thematic Analysis of Text. Essential Guide to Qualitative Methods in Organizational Research. London, SAGE Publications Inc. Murray, T. R. (2003). Blending Qualitative and Quantitative Research Methods in Theses and Dissertations. Thousand Oaks, California, Corwin Press, Inc. Pawson, R. and N. Tilley (1997). Realistic Evaluation. London, SAGE Publications Inc. Soenen, G. and B. Moingeon, Eds. (2002). The five facets of collective identities. Integrating corporate and organizational identity. Corporate and Organizational Identities: Integrating Strategy, Marketing, Communication and Organizational Perspectives. London, Routledge. Stern, B. B., Ed. (1998). Representing Consumers: Voices, Views and Visions. New York, Routledge. Symon, G. and C. Cassell, Eds. (2004). Promoting New Research Practices in Organizational Research. Essential Guide to Qualitative Methods in Organizational Research. London, SAGE Publications Ltd. Yin, R. K. (2003). Case Study Research: Design and Methods. Thousand Oaks, CA, SAGE Publications.

Hocus Pocus Abracadabra Essay -- Mythology

As a child the notion of magic was as simple as a magician sawing a woman in half, then piecing her back together, or the illusion of a human gravitating in mid air. Even as adults, we are still awed by such pastime entertainments of magic. On the contrary, Rebecca L. Stein and Philip L. Stein depict magic as a way of life similarly to elements of religion. In The Anthropology of Religion, Magic, and Witchcraft Stein and Stein illustrated magic as being a subcategory to religion; laws of magic; functions of magic; how it works; magic in society; and divination. In terms, of magic, what is it; and what makes it real? WHAT IS MAGIC? Magic refers to methods that somehow interface with the supernatural and by which people can bring about particular outcomes (Stein and Stein 136). Unlike religion, magic is geared to the satisfaction of an individual (e.g. Voodoo). Magic in contemporary societies has negative connotations affiliating magic to witchcraft or Voodoo like practices. Unlike religions rituals that tend to involve the whole of the community, magic is often centered on the needs and desires of an individual (Stein and Stein 137). However, in Western civilizations magic is the â€Å"answer† to unanswerable questions, and is the validation to which things are the way they are (dream interpretations, psychics). For instance, teenyboppers craze over horoscopes in Pop culture magazines. Readers feed into justifications to their emotions and faith, and hopes of true love. Overall, who wants to be in the world alone and lost? Therefore, horoscopes are the directions when one is confused when they are at the fork in the road. Based on that, is magic an omniscient power that can collectively derive from the supernatural? In some cases, m... ...o are hungry, or the faith for those who are near the edge of giving up. Regardless of the levels of diversity in cultures magic exist in various forms. Works Cited 1. Howie, Linda, et al. â€Å"Some Thoughts on Magic: Its Use and Effect in Undergraduate Student Life.† Totem: The University of Western Ontario Journal of Anthropology 19.1 (2011): 187. Web 30 Mar. 2012 2. Stein, Rebecca L, and Stein L. Philip. The Anthropology of Religion, Magic, and Witchcraft. 3rd ed. *Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, (2011), p. 136. Print 3. Stein, Rebecca L, and Stein L. Philip. The Anthropology of Religion, Magic, and Witchcraft. 3rd ed. *Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, (2011), p. 137. Print 4. Zorich, Zach. â€Å"Archaeology† Fighting with Jaguars, Bleeding for Rain 61.1 (2008): n. pag. Web. 30 Mar 2012. http://www.archaeology.org/0811/etc/boxing.html.

A favourite product, service, or organization (PSO): Piano Essay

Introduction Richard Clayderman, David Foster, and many other popular musicians have one thing in common; they have quality of playing a musical instrument; the piano. Piano is a popular instrument especially for private household ownership +among the middle and upper classes. Hence, pianos have gained a place in the popular awareness. A piano is one of the largest consumer purchases most people will ever make. Yet when we shop for a piano, we are up against a vast variety of brands, models, and styles, competing claims, and strange terminology. Maybe for some people a piano is just a piano. It is an easy choice. They just need to pick the colour they want. On the other hand, a piano is a vehicle to release emotions, to discipline their self, to achieve tremendous joy, to work, to create. These are the people whose heads spin when shopping for a piano because it is difficult to use logic to make an emotional decision. Most people are genuine, caring and careful. The more we know about pianos and the buying process, the easier it will be to trust what people are telling us. We will feel more comfortable if we ask for assurances. Reputable dealers, teachers, tuners and brokers will welcome our analysis. Concerning the Piano product, this paper will discuss about the problem in the sales of Piano by using appropriate marketing theory to explain why the problem arises. In addition, we will also compare the Piano with other competing product. Problem Statement Despite the declining trend, the author sees that pianos in general have grown progressively larger and more powerful over the past couple of centuries, with thicker and heavier strings under higher tension. Just like a car, a piano is an investment. We should treat our purchase of a piano with at least as much care as we would in buying a car. Nowadays, we heard that the piano industry is corrupt, run by dishonest people, who only engage in scandalous and disreputable selling methods. Need to be known that it is not true. The piano industry is an incredibly wonderful segment of the musical instrument industry. The people are fantastic, talented and very dedicated. Piano businesses must make a profit in order to operate. In fact, regarding pianos, some people experience more traumas in selecting than in choosing a car, a house, or an oral surgeon. If we are a novice and feel we lack enough knowledge about pianos, do not hesitate to find someone who does to help inform us. One of the most terrifying experiences for most pianists is purchasing a piano. The more advanced the pianist, the more important the response. How the piano reacts to the pianist’s touch describes response. Advanced pianists can and do overplay lesser quality pianos. In addition to the changing economical and technological situation (the IT boom, the invention of electronic keyboard, the increasing inflation and fuel price that result in the increasing price of almost all consumer goods and many others), the other possible reason could be the reducing concerns on buying a piano. A limitation of the research is that observation method does not involve direct interviews which will slightly reduce objectivity and the accuracy of information. We are retrieving more reliable data from experts’ analysis, journals and various publications from available media. Using the data resources above, we are hoping to present an independent and objective analysis toward the contemporary issue. Recommendations of the future research include using the inputs from sellers and dealers of musical instrument using primary research about the changing consumer behaviour towards the purchase of a piano. To get the comprehensive picture, it had better that the future research use large sample size and including the opinions of economists and musicians in assessing the problem and suggesting appropriate solutions. Research Objective This paper intends to find out the underlying reasons that explain the declining number of sales of Piano in recent years Using the non-participant observation method, collecting data and analyzing qualitative information from journal, books, magazine and other online materials, this paper is to conduct analysis of piano-purchase behaviour In addition, the paper aims at finding suitable alternative technology substituting Piano as a music instrument. Piano Product Description Pianos are very individual instruments and, like shoes, one size does not necessarily fit all. Playing it for a few minutes will give you an idea of the action and sound. Consumers are bombarded with so many claims, graphs, color charts, misinformation and fancy words, from so many different sources. Their heads start to spin. It is no wonder the more one shops around for a piano, or whatever, the more confused one becomes. If people are an aspiring artist or a professional musician, they should buy the finest piano built in their own estimation. That piano should have nothing less than complete artistic capabilities. The extra cost will not amount to much, and they will receive the extra benefit of owning and playing a piano of superior quality. Materials will affect the sound and longevity of a piano. However, do not base our final decision on purchasing a piano on materials alone (Fine, 2006). If we know and trust the dealer, our only real concern is getting the model we want at the right price. If we do not know the dealer, it cannot hurt to take a piano tuner or a pianist along to advise us, even if it does hurt the dealer’s feeling. To do so would probably require that high quality pianos cost two to three times what they do now, and they are already very expensive. The problem arises, though, when pianos arrive at customers’ homes in a state of adjustment far below the acceptable standard.   Most people who are not experienced pianists, and even some who are, are not familiar enough with what should be expected, to know when there is a problem. The development of musical instrument leads to the variety of Piano models and price. In general, there are two kinds of Piano: they are vertical pianos and horizontal pianos. Horizontal pianos are named after their model that has height and the strings position. In particular, the height of this piano model is about 36 to 60 inches (Figure 1). There are four types of vertical pianos; they are Spinet, Console, Studio, Upright (About.com, 2008). Figure 1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   43† Vertical Piano Source: Wyman Piano Company. (2007). Meanwhile, the horizontal pianos also refer to grand pianos, which named after their model that has length and their strings placement. Furthermore, there are 6 basic types of pianos; they are Petite Grand, Baby Grand, Medium Grand, Semi concert or Ballroom, and Concert Grand (About.com, 2008). Figure 2  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Pearl River 6’1†³ Grand Piano Source:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Onofrio Piano Company. (2007) Why Piano becomes My favourite Piano become my favourite musical instrument due to the original sounds generated by the instrument and many great classical and pop musicians have great works when played by Piano. For example, works of J.S. Back, Mozart is well-produced when they are played by Piano solo. The condition is the same when I hear pop musician like Richard Clayderman or David Foster. Based on my favourite musicians, I choose Piano as my favourite product. Comparison: Acoustic Piano vs. Keyboard (Electric Piano) Technical Considerations The difference between digital piano and electronic piano is major about the technical issue of sounds producing. On an acoustic (â€Å"real†) piano, the key mechanism is hammer based, which means that there would be different sounds if a person differently plays the keys. If the person presses the keys hard (quick), it causes the hammer to hit the string strongly and will produce strong sounds. In contrast, if the key is pressed lightly, the hammer will hit the string mildly, causing a gentle sound (Lee, 2002). Unlike the acoustic piano, the electronic piano is electronically produced, which means that the electric piano cannot differentiate the soft or hard press in the keys by the players. Whatever the players/musicians press the keys, the electric piano will produce the same sounds (Lee, 2002). Non-Technical Considerations In non-technical considerations, the use of electric piano usually for those who wants to master multiple instruments at the same time since it has several buttons to produce artificial instrument sound like drum, guitar, and also the background music. Meanwhile, Piano is dedicated for a person who wants to master the single instrument. Piano Sales 2000-2004 Although the vast model of piano does not produce different the quality of produced sound so much, in the market, the vertical pianos model still become the most popular model, followed by grand and electric pianos. Figure 3  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Compositions of Piano Sales in 2000 – 2004 Sources: Giles Communications LLC. (2006). Table 1 show that the sales of vertical pianos reach 50,000 units per year meanwhile the grand pianos reach 30,000 unit per annum. Table 1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sales History of Piano Since 1990s Sources: Giles Communications LLC. (2006) Table 2  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Comparison of Piano Producers Competitive Advantage Marketing Concept Marketing is not limited to business situation. All of us are involved in marketing on a daily basis, whether we are applying for a new job, asking for a raise or trying to sell our old car. Marketing involves every aspect of business from the manufacturing of a product to actual point of sale (â€Å"How-To†, 2001): Product Development & Manufacturing. Promotion Presentation Pricing One of marketing concept that explains the product offering is product life cycle that represents one essential element in the marketing mix; the product has a concept or terminology, which is known in marketing environment. The concept is called Product Life Cycle. In general, Product Life Cycle has four distinct stages where Pianos always experience: Introduction Stages is a period of slow sales growth as the product is introduced in the market. Growth Stage is a period of rapid market acceptance and increasing profits. Maturity Stage is a period of slow down in sales growth because the product has achieved acceptance by most potential buyers. Profits level off or decline because of increased marketing outlays to defend the product against competition. Decline Stage is the period when sales fall off and profits drop. Figure 4  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Product Life Cycle of Piano Source: Internet Center for Management and Business Administration. 2004 Nature and Form of Results Actually, buying pianos is very simple. All we need to know is our price range, the features we want, and the manufacturer. On the other hand, if we are buying electronic piano, it is easier. We do not need an experienced piano technician to help us evaluate the piano. I think that more people buy on appearance than anything else does. If we see a piano that is beautiful on the outside, this does not mean that the inside will match in terms of quality. Logically speaking, it would be prohibitively expensive for a piano manufacturer to spend all the extra time devoted to the person’s instruments on a piano that was not intended for such critical use, or where the person ultimately buying the piano may not appreciate or even notice all the additional effort and expense (Fine, Larry). When we want to go piano shopping, go to a store that has a reputation for reliability in our community.   Look with suspicion upon one that is constantly advertising bargains.   The salesperson, if a professional may ask us several questions before he or she even attempts to show or demonstrate any piano. Do not resent this. They are simply trying to help us select the best piano adapted to our purse and purpose.   He or she may ask us if we have children who will be expected to study the piano. They may want to know the approximate size of our living room (Viewing and Purchasing an Upright Piano). We need to know that a piano is expensive to purchase but as has been pointed out, a keyboard is not an optimal substitute for this instrument. One solution would be renting a piano. Many music stores listed in the yellow pages offer this service (Viewing and Purchasing an Upright Piano). People also must consider the beauty of what they see, the beauty of what they hear, and the value of their investment. The final answer to each of these considerations depends largely on each personal situation. Reference: About.com. (2008). The Piano. Retrieved February 22, 2008 from http://musiced.about.com/od/beginnersguide/a/pianotypes.htm Fine, Larry. (2006). Looking for a Piano (Or Zen and the Art of Piano Buying). Retrieved February 22, 2008 from http://216.109.125.130/search/cache?p=less+people+buying+piano&prssweb=Search&ei=UTF-8&fr=FP-tab-web-t&x=wrt&u=www.jwpepper.com/catalog/art_PaBuyPbookFine15.jsp&w=less+people+buying+piano&d=YhcKEW1aMPml&icp=1&.intl=us Giles Communications LLC. (2006). U.S. Piano Sales History. Retrieved February 22, 2008 from http://www.pianonet.com/saleshist.htm How –To Understand Marketing. The How-To Network. Retrieved February 24, 2008 from Internet Center for Management and Business Administration. (2004). The Product Life Cycle. Retrieved February 22, 2008 from http://www.quickmba.com/marketing/product/lifecycle/ Lee, Xah. (2002). Piano keyboard actions: Acoustic vs. Modern Weighted. Retrieved February 23, 2008 from http://xahlee.org/UnixResource_dir/writ/piano_action1.html Onofrio Piano Company. (2007). Pearl River. Retrieved February 22, 2008 from http://www.onofriopiano.com/Onofrio_PearlRiver_Piano.htm PIANO SALES. (2005). Retrieved February 22, 2008 from http://72.14.207.104/search?q=cache:KmGHytxxtb8J:www.winchesterpianos.co.uk/sales.html+Why+are+less+people+buying+new+pianos+nowadays%3F&hl=id&gl=id&ct=clnk&cd=6 RECENT MARKET FACTS. Retrieved February 20, 2008 from http://www.bluebookofpianos.com/basics.htm Wyman Piano Company. (2007). Vertical Pianos. Retrieved February 22, 2008 from http://www.wymanpiano.com/gallery/gimages/wv110chy.jpg